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DISTRIBUTION OF NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE ISOFORMS IN SALIVARY GLANDS

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Abstract

¼­·Ð
Furchgott¿Í Zawadzki(1980)°¡ óÀ½À¸·Î Ç÷°üÀÌ ÀÌ¿ÏÇÒ ¶§ ³»ÇǼ¼Æ÷ÀÇ Á¸Àç°¡ ÇʼöÀûÀ̸ç
À̷κÎÅÍ ¾î¶² À̿Ϲ°ÁúÀÌ ³ªÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó°í ±â¼úÇÑ ÈÄ ÀÌ´Â endothelium-derived relaxing
factor(EDRF)¶ó ¸í¸íµÇ¾ú´Ù(Cherry µî, 1982). À̾ EDRF´Â Ç÷°ü ÆòÈ°±Ù¿¡¼­ soluble
guanylate cyclase¸¦ È°¼ºÈ­½ÃÄÑ cyclic GMP³óµµ¸¦ Áõ°¡½ÃÅ´À¸·Î½á Ç÷°üÀÌ¿ÏÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å´ÀÌ
¾Ë·ÁÁ³À¸¸ç(Griffith µî, 1984), ±× ¿Ü¿¡µµ À§Àå°ü, ±â°üÁö ¹× À½°æ Çظéü¿¡¼­ ºñ¾Æµå·¹³¯¸°
¼º ºñÄݸ°¼º(non-adrenergic non-cholinergic) ½Å°æÀüµµ(Bult µî, 1990; Ekblad µî, 1994;
Fisher µî, 1996), ÁßÃ߽Űæ°è ½Å°æÀü´Þ(Garthwalte, 1991; Meller¿Í Gebbart, 1993), Ç÷¼ÒÆÇ
ÀÀÁý¾ïÁ¦ÀÛ¿ë(Azumaµî 1986; Furlong µî, 1987), ¸é¿ª±â´É Á¶ÀýÀÛ¿ë°ú ¼¼Æ÷µ¶¼º(cytotoxic
effect) µîÀ» ³¿ÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁ³´Ù. EDRFÀÇ º»Ã¤´Â ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»ê L-arginineÀÇ guanidino nitrogen ¿ø
ÀÚ°¡ »êÈ­Áú¼Ò ÇÕ¼ºÈ¿¼Ò(nitric oxide synthase, NOS)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ý¼ºµÈ »êÈ­Áú¼ÒÀÓÀÌ ¹àÇôÁ³´Ù
(Palmer µî, 1987).
Áö±Ý±îÁö Àû¾îµµ ¼¼ °¡Áö µ¿À§È¿¼Ò°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç À̵éÀº ±â´ÉÀûÀ¸·Î constitutive form°ú
inducible from·Î ±¸ºÐµÈ´Ù(F rstermannµî, 1991). Constitutive formÀº Ç÷°ü ³»ÇǼ¼Æ÷¿Í Áß
Ãß ¹× ¸»ÃʽŰæ°è, Ç÷¼ÒÆÇ, ³úÇϼöü, ½Å¼¼´¢°ü »óÇǼ¼Æ÷ µî¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇϸç 140 kDaÀÇ
endothe1ial NOS(ecNOS, eNOS or NOS III)¿Í 155 kDaÀÇ neuronal NOS(nNOS, bNOS or
NOS I)·Î ±¸ºÐµÇ¸ç Ca2+/calmodulin ÀÇÁ¸¼ºÀ¸·Î ¼¼Æ÷Áú³»
Ca2+ Áõ°¡¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀڱصȴÙ(Zhang°ú Snyder, 1995). ¹Ý¸é inducible
form(iNOS or NOS II)Àº 130 kDaÀÇ ºÐÀÚ·®À¸·Î ´ë½Ä¼¼Æ÷, ¹éÇ÷±¸, °£¼¼Æ÷, ÃéÀå, ºÎ½ÅÀÇ ºÐ
ºñ¼±, Ç÷°ü ÆòÈ°±Ù¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ¸ç constitutive form°ú´Â ´Þ¸® Ca2+/calmodulin
ºñÀÇÁ¸¼ºÀÌ°í endotoxin(bacterial slipopolysaccharide), cytokine(tumor necrosis factor,
interferon, IL-1) µî¿¡ ÀÇÇØ È°¼ºÈ­µÈ´Ù(Knowles, 1994).
¿ÜºÐºñ¼±ÀΠŸ¾×¼±¿¡¼­µµ ¼±Ç÷·ù Á¶Àý¿¡ »êÈ­Áú¼Ò°¡ °ü¿©Çϸç ÀÌ´Â ºÎ±³°¨½Å°æ ¸»´Ü¿¡¼­
À¯¸®µÈ ½Å°æÀüµµ¹°ÁúÀÎ acetycholine(ACh)¿Í ÇÔ²² À¯¸®µÇ´Â vasoactive intestinal
polypeptide(VIP)¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ atropine-resistant vasodilation¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù°í º¸°íµÇ¾ú´Ù(Edwards
¿Í Garrett, 1993). Áï »êÈ­Áú¼Ò´Â Á÷Á¢ Ÿ¾×¼± ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© Ÿ¾×ºÐºñ Á¶Àý¿¡ °ü¿©Çϱâ
º¸´Ù´Â ºÎ±³°¨½Å°æ ¸»´Ü¿¡¼­ À¯¸®µÈ ½Å°æÀüµµ ¹°ÁúÀÎ VIP¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Ç÷°üÈ®´ë¿¡ Áß°£ ¸Å°³¹°
·Î °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù(Edwards et al, 1996). ¶ÇÇÑ Damas(1994)´Â kallikreinkinin°è¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ
¾ÇÇϼ± Ç÷°üÈ®´ë ±âÀü¿¡ »êÈ­Áú¼Ò°¡ °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù°í º¸°íÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ´Ù¸¥ ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº ³»ÀÎ
¼º »êÈ­Áú¼Ò°¡ ¾ÇÇϼ±¿¡¼­ ¼±Ç÷·ù»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¼±Æ÷¼¼Æ÷¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ÀÛ¿ëÇϴ Ÿ¾×ºÐºñ Á¶ÀýÈ¿°ú
°¡ ÀÖÀ½À» º¸°íÇÏ¿´´Ù(Kim, 1995; ±è µî, 1995; Buckle µî, 1995). ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿¬±¸ º¸°íµéÀº Ÿ
¾×¼±¿¡¼­ Àû¾îµµ »êÈ­Áú¼Ò°¡ Ÿ¾×ºÐºñ ¹× Ç÷·ù¿¡ »ý¸®Àû ±â´ÉÀ» ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â ÁÖ¿ä ÀÎÀÚÀÇ Çϳª
ÀÓÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
ÃÖ±Ù Zhuµî(1996)Àº Åä³¢ÀÇ ³ú°£¿¡¼­ Ÿ¾×ºÐºñ Á¶Àý¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÏ´Â ºÎ±³°¨½Å°æÀÇ ½Å°æ¿ø¿¡
NOS°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç Almµî(1995)Àº ¾ÇÇϼ± Áö¹è ±³°¨½Å°æÀý°ú ºÎ±³°¨½Å°æÀý¿¡
NOS°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù°í º¸°íÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Modinµî(1994)Àº µÅÁöÀÇ ¾ÇÇϼ± Áö¹è ±³°¨½Å°æ°ú ºÎ
±³°¨½Å°æÀÇ ÀýÈļ¶À¯¿¡ NOS°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù°í º¸°íÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº °á°ú´Â »êÈ­Áú¼Ò°¡ Ÿ¾×
¼± Áö¹è½Å°æ¿¡¼­ Á÷Á¢ ÇÕ¼ºµÇ°í À¯¸®µÊÀ¸·Î½á Ÿ¾×ºÐºñ¿Í ¼±Ç÷·ù Á¶Àý¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀ»
º¸¿© ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ÇÑÆí ÃéÀåÀÇ ¿ÜºÐºñ¼±¿¡¼­ NOS´Â ½Å°æÀý»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ºÐºñµµ°ü, Ç÷°ü µî¿¡µµ
Á¸ÀçÇÔÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁ® Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡(Worlµî, 1994; Tay µî, 1994), Ÿ¾×¼±¿¡¼­µµ ºÐºñµµ °ü°ú Áö¹è
Ç÷°ü¿¡ NOS°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖÁö¸¸ ¾ÆÁ÷ Á¶»çµÈ ¹Ù ¾ø´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Å¸¾×¼±¿¡¼­ Áö±Ý±îÁö ¹à
ÇôÁø 3°¡Áö NOS µ¿À§È¿¼ÒµéÀÇ ºÐÆ÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸´Â ÀüÇô ÀÌ·ç¾îÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
ÀúÀÚ´Â 3´ë Ÿ¾×¼±ÀÎ ÀÌÇϼ±, ¾ÇÇϼ±, ¼³Çϼ±¿¡¼­ NOS µ¿À§ÇüÀÎ eNOS, nNOS, iNOSÀÇ ºÐ
Æ÷µµ¸¦ ±¸¸íÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ¿© °¢ µ¿À§È¿¼ÒÀÇ Æ¯ÀÌÇÑ Ç×ü¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸é¿ªÁ¶Á÷È­ÇÐ ½ÇÇèÀ» ÇàÇÏ
¿´´Ù.
#ÃÊ·Ï#
Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) has been known to regulate the salivary secretion and
glandular blood flow. However, the distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)
responsible for NO synthesis has not been well studied in salivary glands. The present
study was aimed to investigate the distribution of nitric oxide synthase isoforms
(endothelial, neuronal, and inducible NOS). Immunohistochemistry, using monoclonal
mouse anti-endothelial NOS, anti-neuronal NOS, and anti-inducible NOS, was performed
in 3 major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular and sublingual gland) of the rat.
Endothelial NOS (eNOS)-positive immunoreactivity was observed in arterial
endothelium, striated duct, granular convoluted duct of the submandibular gland,
intercalated duct, and mucous acinar cells of the sublingual gland. The eNOS-positive
immunoreactivity was most prominent in the arterial endothelial layer and that of the
striated and granular convoluted duct was well concentrated in columnar epithelial layer.
In the intercalated duct and mucous acinus, eNOS-positive immunoreactivity was weakly
detected.
Neural NOS (nNOS)-positive immunoreactivity was observed in submandibular
ganglion, autonomic postganglionic fiber, striated duct, granular convoluted duct, and
intercalated duct. nNOS-positive immunoreactivity of the submandibular ganglion and
autonomic postganglionic fiber was most prominent and that of the ductal system was
well concentrated in the epithelial layer. eNOS-positive immunoreactivity was not
detected either in excretory ducts or in serous acinar cells. Inducible NOS-positive
immunoreactivity was not detected. There results reveal the presence of eNOS and
nNOS in the salivary gland, which may be related with regulation of the glandular
secretion and blood flow through synthesis and secretion of NO.

Å°¿öµå

salivary glands; nitric oxide synthase;

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